Spiral with Tapered Waveguides and Spline Bends¶

If you want to reduce losses you can use spline bends and broader waveguide for the straight sections.

# Importing silicon_photonics technology and IPKISS

import technologies.silicon_photonics
from ipkiss3 import all as i3
from picazzo3.wg.spirals import FixedLengthSpiral
from picazzo3.traces.rib_wg.trace import RibWaveguideTemplate
from picazzo3.traces.wire_wg.trace import WireWaveguideTemplate

Defining the Spline Rounding Algorithm¶

We use a rounding algorithm i3.SplineRoundingAlgorithm that will result in Bezier bends

RA = i3.SplineRoundingAlgorithm(adiabatic_angles=(45, 45))

Defining the trace template¶

We take a basic template from the picazzo and derive a TaperedWaveguideTemplate version of it, which does two things:

flaring out to a different width, with a specified taper length and minimum lengths for the narrow and wider waveguides.
creating bends using a given rounding algorithm

wg_tmpl = WireWaveguideTemplate()
wg_tmpl.Layout(
    core_width=0.450,
    cladding_width=2 * 2.0 + 0.45,
    core_process=i3.TECH.PROCESS.WG
)

wg_tmpl_wide = RibWaveguideTemplate()
wg_tmpl_wide.Layout(core_width=0.85)

tapered_wg_tmpl = i3.TaperedWaveguideTemplate(name="tapered_wg_tmpl",
                                              trace_template=wg_tmpl,
                                              straight_trace_template=wg_tmpl_wide)

tapered_wg_tmpl.Layout(bend_radius=5.0,        # shortest radius of curvature in the bend
                       rounding_algorithm=RA,  # use splines instead of circular arcs: smoother transition
                       taper_length=10.0,      # length of the taper between the regular waveguide and the expanded waveguide
                       #min_expanded_length=1.0, # minimum length of the expanded section. If shorter, don't expand
                       )

<TaperedWaveguideTemplate.Layout view 'tapered_wg_tmpl:layout'>

Defining a spiral¶

Now we build the spiral using the TaperedWaveguideTemplate. By using this specific trace template, the resulting generated waveguide will be of the i3.TaperedWaveguide type.

spiral = FixedLengthSpiral(total_length=4000.0,
                           n_o_loops=4,
                           trace_template=tapered_wg_tmpl)
spiral_lo = spiral.Layout(incoupling_length=10.0,
                          spacing=6,
                          stub_direction="V",  # either H or V
                          growth_direction="V",
                          )

spiral_lo.visualize(annotate=True)
print("The length of the spiral is {} um".format(spiral_lo.trace_length()))

The length of the spiral is 4000.000000000001 um